The Limitations Of Frye s Green World - 1729 Words

What are the limitations of Frye’s ‘Green World’ model as applied to ‘Twelfth Night’ by William Shakespeare? Twelfth Night was thought to be written in 1600-1. The play – known for adhering to a genre of romantic comedy by utilising pathos combined with humour – is listed under comedies in the First Folio of 1623 with another of Shakespeare’s works As You Like It. Twelfth Night adheres to Frye’s theory to some extent. The old world, one of repression, is conveyed through the puritanical beliefs of Malvolio; the green world is conveyed through the theories of disguise and confusion; and a new world is established through the restoration of order and the marriages in Act 5. However, the continuous adherence to the old world through Malvolio and a lack of clear structure when transgressing the worlds limits the extent of Frye’s theory. The flexible structure is perhaps more indicative of Berger’s ‘second’ world theory. My aim is to explore the limitations of the green world within the play Twelfth Night. Music permeates Twelfth Night immed iately in Act 1 Scene 2 with Orsino’s opening declaration of love ‘ If music be the food of love, play on’ (lines 1-2), through this he is established and characterised as an extravagant lover, indulging in his hyperbolic passion for a woman who does not return his love. His language is full of romantic clichà ©s such as ‘†¦was I turn’d into a hart’ (line 21), this metaphor allows Shakespeare to not only intensify the exploration of the genre ofShow MoreRelatedKhasak14018 Words   |  57 Pageswriter, his mind and the little world around him were his oyster. Vijayan was chronicling a period wrecked by violent upheavals and made absurd by farcical political gains. He reflected the incomprehensibility and futility with an outward silence and an inward alertness all through. He created a magical Malabar in his works. â€Å"I have always felt that there are two kinds of writers: those who reflect the real world with its space and life and those who create a parallel world with its own space and lifeRead MoreEffect of Motivation on Employees9326 Words   |  38 PagesCHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Human capital has emerged as the most critical firm asset, and the ability to attract motivate and retain capable employees is essential in organization’s innovation and quality improvement (Frye, 2004). These sentiments are supported by Jung and Hartog, (2007) who suggest that, one way for organizations to become more innovative is to capitalize on their employees’ ability to innovate. Jung and Hartog, continue to argue that employees canRead MoreAgency Theory Essay 329591 Words   |  119 Pages1 The Fundamental Agency Problem and Its Mitigation: Independence, Equity, and the Market for Corporate Control DAN R. DALTON Kelley School of Business, Indiana University MICHAELA. HITT Mays College of Business, Texas AM University S. TREVIS CERTO Mays College of Business, Texas AM University CATHERINE M. DALTON Kelley School of Business, Indiana University Abstract A central tenet of agency theory is that there is potential for mischief when the interests of owners andRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesLinda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Mutation

In linguistics, mutation is a change in a vowel sound caused by a sound in the following syllable. As discussed below, the most significant form of mutation in the history of English was the i-mutation (also known as front mutation). This system of changes occurred before the appearance of written Old English (probably in the sixth century) and no longer plays an important role in modern English. In English, the results of i-mutation can be seen in: (a) the plurals of seven nouns ( foot, goose, louse, man, mouse, tooth, woman) which are sometimes called mutation plurals(b) the comparative and superlative elder, eldest(c) derivative verbs such as bleed (beside blood), fill (beside full), heal (beside whole), etc.(d) derivative nouns such as breadth (beside broad), length (beside long), filth (beside foul), etc. This cannot be considered to have a live functional role in modern English, however. (Sylvia Chalker and Edmund Weiner, Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1994) Less clearly to be counted as examples of mutation might be the noun-verb conversion pairs of English that involve a stress shift: pro ÃŒ duceN ~ produ ÃŒ ceV; pe ÃŒ rmitN ~ perm ÃŒ Ã„ ±tVV; etc. . . . Are these to be treated as items involving substitution of segments or features? (G. E. Booij, Christian Lehmann, and Joachim Mugdan, Morphologie/Morphology: Ein Internationales Handbuch. Walter de Gruyter, 2000) Plurals Formed by Mutation In a few nouns, the plural is formed by mutation (a change in the vowel): man/menfoot/feetmouse/micewoman/womengoose/geeselouse/licetooth/teeth Children, the plural of child, combines a vowel change and the irregular ending -en (a survival of an Old English plural inflection). A similar combination appears in brethren, a specialized plural of brother. The older plural ending is found without vowel change in ox/oxen. In American English there are also variant plurals of ox: oxes and the unchanged form ox. (Sidney Greenbaum, Oxford English Grammar. Oxford   University Press, 1996) What Is I-Mutation? Early in the history of English a rule called i-Mutation (or i-Umlaut) existed that turned back vowels into front vowels when an /i/ or /j/ followed in the next syllable. For example in a certain class of nouns in the ancestor of Old English, the plural was formed not by adding -s but by adding -i. Thus the plural of /gos/ goose was /gosi/ geese. . . . [T]he i-Mutation is an example of a rule that was once present in Old English but has since dropped out of the language, and thanks to the Great Vowel Shift even the effects of i-Mutation have been altered.  (Adrian Akmajian, Richard A. Demers, Ann K. Farmer, and Robert M. Harnish, Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication, 5th ed. MIT Press, 2001)In prehistoric Old English a number of combinative sound changes took place. One with far-reaching effects was front mutation or i-umlaut (also known as i-mutation). This was a series of changes to vowels which took place when there was an i, Ä « or j in the following syll able. Subsequently, the i, Ä « or j disappeared, or changed to e, but its original presence can be established by examining the cognate words in other languages. For example, front mutation accounts for the difference in vowel between the related words dole and deal. In Old English they are dÄ l portion and dÇ £lan to divide, distribute, in which the Ç £ is due to front mutation; this is clear if we look at the cognate Gothic words, which are dails and dailjan (note that the sound spelt ai in the Gothic words regularly becomes Ä  in Old English before front mutation takes place; the i in these spellings could not cause front mutation itself). . . The change from Ä  to Ç £ was a movement to a closer and more frontal vowel, and this is the general direction of the changes caused by front mutation: it was obviously a kind of assimilation, the affected vowels being moved to a place of articulation nearer to that of the following vowel or j. Thus Ã… « became fronted to y, a cha nge which accounts for the different vowels of mouse and mice, which have developed regularly from OE mÃ… «s, mys; the original plural form was *mÃ… «siz, but the i caused the Ã… « to change to y; then the ending *-iz was lost, giving the OE plural mys.Similarly, front mutation changed short u to y; this change is reflected in the different vowels of full and fill, which in Old English are full and fyllan (from earlier *fulljan). (Charles Barber, Joan Beal, and Philip Shaw, The English Language, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2009)I-mutation, which caused stem vowel alternation in the word classes substantive and adjective, affected verbs, too. In OE strong verbs, the second and third person singular indicative present was not only marked by special endings but also by i-mutation of the stem vowel, e.g. ic helpe, à ¾u hilpst, he hilpà ¾; ic weorpe, à ¾u wierpst, he wierpà ¾; ic fare, à ¾u faerst, he faerà ¾ . . .. This stem alternation was given up in ME. (Lilo Moessner, Diachronic English Linguistics: An Introduction. Gunter Narr Verlag, 2003)

Effects Of World War II On America Essay - 958 Words

In September of 1939, a global war had begun when Hitler led the German forces to invade Poland. The American president was reluctant on entering the war because he was building allies in the western hemisphere and was focused on making life better on the home front. Tragedy struck America on the morning of December 7, 1941 when the Japanese conducted a surprise aerial attack against the United States naval base at pearl harbor. The lethal and deadly force of the attack spurred President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to realize it was time to enter the war. As American troops were being sent off to war citizens lives on the home front changed dramatically. The soldiers were being taken care of before the people and did not experience the†¦show more content†¦A family may have cooked a pie, and the neighbors each had prepared a side dish to complete a meal. People never were hungry and always had a meal to eat, said Marjorie Smith (qtd. in Smith). Even with the war happening over seas the households constantly made the best of every situation to make sure the children were fed and well taken care of. Before World War II, the womans role was primarily in the household taking care of the everyday needs of the house and the children, but that changed shortly when women were being moved into the working field. More than six million women took employment outside of the home, and many of the women had never been paid for working. Rosie the Riveter was an iconic figure during the war she showed women a sense of independence by taking them from the household into the workforce. Adult women in Oklahoma frequently went to work in oil fields, gas wells and built airplanes or even worked at-large ship yards. During the war-time, the women were able to prove to America that ladies were just as physically strong as the men were and would do anything to support their country. Mothers would generally barter with family members or neighbors on whose turn it was to watch the children while at work. Mothers being taken out of the home to work is where child delinquency began, children were not getting the love and the discipline they needed from their parents, said SharlaShow MoreRelatedEffects Of World War II On America1078 Words   |  5 PagesZikra Imtiaz Govt. 2305 11/29/2016 Effects of World War II Americans have been wondering whether President Truman should’ve ordered the usage of weapons which was against Japan back in August 1945. The World War II which involved almost every part of the world. This decision had the citizens thinking every year that passes by as if the President had made wrong decision. This horrible event had the citizens in doubt. The results were not good for the Japanese civilians. Because the of the atomicRead MorePost World War II: Effects and Changes in America1524 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction World War II brought several changes to the world and specifically America. It not only changed the world map but also set impact on the behaviours. WWII played a major role in building turning points during different periods. Before WWII, African Americans were not offered equal rights in the community. It was considered an impossible thing that African could ever do a white collar or even a blue collar job. However, soon after the WWII, there came a turning point in the lives of AfricanRead MoreAmerica and World War II Essay1103 Words   |  5 Pages Was World War II a Good War For America? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the most important wars ever fought was World War II. In the midst, the Nazis were in control of most of Europe, the Soviet Union was causing more deaths than any other country, and Japan had taken over parts of China. The United States of America was stuck in the middle of all this. They had to deal with the Nazis and deciding when to join the war, meanwhile, Japan was breathing down their necks with attacks. What wasRead MoreWorld War I And The Great War915 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War I, also known as the Great War, was one of the most important and traumatic war in history. It left many countries in devastation and chaos. Countries involved in the war, like Europe and America promised to prevent any other future world war because of the millions lives taken and the destruction caused to the world in the previous war. However, peace was not enjoyed for long and after two decades, the Second World War began from the issues that were left unresolved from the previous conflictRead MorePearl Harbor : As A Cause1137 Words   |  5 Pages2014 Pearl Harbor (as a cause) â€Å"May God have mercy upon my enemies, because I won’t† said General George S. Patton, whenever the attack on Pearl Harbor happened (Allen). That was not an easy time in history. World War I was long gone and now World War II was happening, once again the whole world lost its mutual peace. Luckily, for a while, the U.S.A was not involved. Our economy was not doing very well in the late 1930’s by any means! Then on December 7 of 1941, the day of the attack on our homelandRead MorePresident Truman Made A Nuclear Weapon1745 Words   |  7 Pagesin an effort to end World War II. World War II began on September 1,1939 and ended on September 2,1945 ending in an Allie victory. This world was fought primarily by the Axis Powers: Germany, Austria, Italy, and Japan and the Allie Powers: Great Britain, France, The USSR, and the United States. President Truman made a difficult decision to drop nuclear weapons on Japan, because the factors leading up to the war, the circ umstances that had already happened during World War II, and because he simplyRead MoreEffects of World War II Essay887 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II had a large effect on America, on how we were regarded in the world, on how our culture would grow and develop, and on how our citizens would develop and settle the land on their return. It brought people together for a while that were later torn apart, and changed the way Americans looked at higher education. Perhaps most importantly, it brought America to the world and served it up to them as something that could grow and become part of their culture, call it the Coca-ColonizationRead MoreAmerica During Ww II : A Turning Point1299 Words   |  6 PagesSarah Chi Turner U. S. History 2 May 2016 America in WW II: A Turning Point â€Å"Lots of things wrong with America, but Hitler ain’t going to fix them,† American GI and heavyweight Joe Louis once said in a 1942 interview about his choice to enlist in the army (Berkow). He was right. In the 1940s, America was in a slump; but, it was also the turning point for the start of a more prosperous era. In 1941, the Japanese had attacked Pearl Harbor, â€Å"a date which will live in infamy,† and catalyzed a seriesRead MoreEssay on Consequences of the World War II1306 Words   |  6 PagesIn the World War I individual rights and civil liberty have died. The wartime controls had replaced the free enterprise, exchange controls and import-export regulations had replaced the free trade. The inflation had undermined the sanctity of property. The war had shrunk the rights of individuals and enhanced the power of the State. The politicizing of economic and social life means that every dispute and every disagreement were now become the matter of national interest. This rivalry had startedRead MoreMemoires of a Geisha by Arthur Golden1703 Words   |  7 Pages Each living being experiences the world in a proprietary way that, though capable of resembling another’s, can never be fully duplicated. These differing perspectives, in their inherent complexity, are a principal patron to the chaos and beauty that perpetually plague and gift mankind. With over seven billion individuals (Population Clock), it is intelligible to claim that with so vast a sea of differing vistas; the power of perspective is the most influential contributor to modern civilization

What Is Popularity free essay sample

â€Å"What is popularity? How important is it to you? Should friendship be based on popularity? † George W. Bush once said, â€Å"One of my proudest moments is that I didn’t sell my soul for the sake of popularity. † I think he meant that you should not try to make yourself popular through doing things that you usually wouldn’t. popularity to me means having more people like you then dislike you, but either way, most people know who you are. I believe popularity is a misconstrued concept used by elites to exclude and discriminate against those of lesser status or those who are different from them. Popularity is not very important to me. I care how people view me and if they respect me and see me in society, but I do not care if my peers dislike me. As long as people respect me as an individual I will be satisfied. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Popularity? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I care about my reputation and how people portray me, but if they don’t like me I wouldn’t try to force them to. Friendship should not be based on popularity because then it is more about status than actually liking the person. Friendships will last longer and be more meaningful if they aren’t based on popularity. Also, you can get a lot more out of the relationship if you really are indeed friends. Also, I think it is much healthier for your social life to be in a honest friendship where you are friends because you like each other or have common interests or hobbies. Furthermore, later in your life you will look back and you’ll be able to tell who were your true friends and who pretended to like you because of your status. Plus, when not based on true friendship people may be just trying to use you for their own personal gain or may just be taking advantage of you. When you have true friends you will continue to keep up with them throughout the remainder of your life and have a long sustained relationship. In conclusion, I think that popularity is having many people who are around you like you, and know about you and who you are, whether you are friends with them or not. I believe that popularity is not important and that you should not make it your priority to become popular at too much of an extent. And lastly, I do not feel that friendship should be based on popularity, because when it is then it is not really friendship, it is just two people pretending to like each other.