Tok – Art as an Area of Knowledge

TOK Assignment Art can be of speckled forms, ranging from instillations to painting to music to dance. Each of these practices of art have diverse impacts on society. However today irrational exuberance of the contemporary art market is about the breeding of money and have lost the fertility of art. I really believe that art is what humans created as a highest explanation level to fully clarify the perspectives and especially emotions of human beings. Art does not have any specific meaning, there are so many varied elements in an art work that a myriad of viewers can appreciate as well as criticize.I have always believed that after an artist finishes a painting or a dancer finishes a show, their dedication, commitment and meaning for those forms of art becomes highly negligible. It is how the audience reciprocates to it, and perceives it is what is important. Interpreting art allows us to interpret the psychological complexity within a person, their reactions to forms of art their em otions and perceptions towards it makes it easier to analyze their characters. For instance at the Kala Ghoda Art Festival, this instillation highly struck me.The color is what created the main impact. Black placed ahead of golden, the first thing than came to my mind was how is today’s world it is always the evil that has taken over the good. Since I’ve always perceived black to be evil, and golden/yellow being the good or the brighter color showing the brighter side of life. It also showed me how the good always follows the bad, and in reality especially in today’s fast growing generation this is how the world has started functioning. This gives a very negative outlook about life, and thus I personally did not like this concept much.First look, it appears to be neat and nice but gradually upon analyzing it I did not like the concept at all. Art is more than just self-expression and communication. It is a type of language, understanding and emotional outlook of an individual. If we go to see, art is everywhere. The world revolves around the different forms of art, every part of the world has its own unique art forms. This has been passes on from our ancestors, therefore it does shape our society till an extent. There have been instances when society has revolted against certain art forms, leading to a high controversy.This is highly debatable as every individual has their own rights, however cultural beliefs and society pressures leads to them compromising on those rights. Some countries have always portrayed women in the artworks, showing the gender discrimination. However due to this, the society’s opinion towards women has changed drastically. If they change this, and suddenly only men are seen all over the artworks be in instillations or painting or sketches, it will shape the growing generation’s mindset in a different manner.Taking art in the form of music or maybe dance, definitely affects and reflects emotion. It is that form of art which can be taken and the musician’s or dancer’s knowledge can be extracted through it. At the Kala Ghoda Festival the live performance was completely breath taking. It appealed to the audience and was able to reach their senses. That also brought out the Indian ethnicity with it. Those beats were brilliant and I personally was very appealed by that performance. Performing arts is another very broad medium of art, allowing varied amounts of portrayals.It is where language and reasoning can be effectively demonstrated with the help of language certain times. Thus to conclude, art is very broad comprising of different forms which all ass to a different meaning. However, its interpretation can differ from the person’s culture to their mood to their personal values. It acts as an opportunity for the growing kids to find out their strengths and gives them an opportunity to explore various fields. Their skill in different forms of art is also very vi tal in gaining knowledge about them as a person.

Bakhsh letter

As an international pilot with 11 years experience, I would make a great addition to your flight staff. I am trained and certified to fly by both the Unites States’ Federal Aviation administration and the Saudi Arabian General Authority of Civil Aviation, having studied on planes in both of the countries. Because I am fluent in both English and Arabic, I am a great asset to any company with flights into Northern Africa.From my enclosed resume, you will note that I have a strong record of accomplishment during my time as a pilot. I began as first officer on a Boeing 737 and move up to my final position as first officer on a Boeing 777 before being made captain of a McDonnell-Douglas 90. Since then, I have been again promoted and currently serve as Captain of an Embracer E170.In addition to my flight experience, I have had international pilot training courses with Boeing, in Seattle, WA, USA, and Embracer in Zurich, Switzerland. I am a responsible Captain, taking the utmost care to assure that my aircraft is well-cared for and my passengers arrive safely at their destination. Thank you for taking the time to review my resume and credential. I look forward to the opportunity to meet with you to discuss how I may be an asset to your company. Sincerely, Ca. Hani Atef Bakhsh

Patient access, data mining and PHI Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Patient access, data mining and PHI - Essay Example However, the primary concern about the system is its ability to support use by people at different levels including patients without compromising the confidentiality of the patients’ data. Interoperability in the IT system also forms the primary concern in the success of the health information technology in US. Interoperability is the ability of the systems and devices to share information and interpret the shared information. There is a need to agree on system standards for them to be interoperable at any level (Melvin, 2009). Health IT vendors in US use system that are not interoperable. One of the causes of interoperability problem is databases being unable to share the information with different types of applications (Vidyarthi, 2012). The system used by health IT vendor is in a proprietary format limiting access and transfer of information between the various providers. The model used in the systems is not standard, and they use different coded languages making it hard to share the needed health information. Even when there is sharing of information, terminologies used may be incompatible with applications used. The systems inability to share information effectively makes it very hard to address medical care fragmentation and solve error issues arising due to lack of necessary

The Implications of Downsizing (Rightsizing) to the Employees, Research Paper

The Implications of Downsizing (Rightsizing) to the Employees, Communities, and Families of the Employees - Research Paper Example    Downsizing exposes the employees, communities, and the families of employees to psychological, emotional, and physical distress whether they remain employed or get fired. Generally speaking, the implications of downsizing include embarrassment, lack of the source of income, depression, low self-esteem, emotional abuse, social exclusion, and poverty.   I shall also identify the relative importance of the three kinds of stressors, so that the most significant, the significant, and the least significant stressors are identified separately. The expected outcome of the result is a list of contributors of psychological, emotional, and physical distress for the identified populations, along with the relative importance of each category of stressors. Knowledge of these stressors is the preliminary step towards the identification of the potential ways in which the effect of these stressors can be reduced. ... The first challenge in front of these employees is to seek employment somewhere else. Since they have not left the organization on their own and have rather been fired, this serves as a very negative point if the employees cannot somehow manage to prove that they left the organization on their own. The recruiters tend to suspect the eligibility of such employees for the job because they were rejected by their previous employers. Downsizing is mostly a consequence of the deteriorating political and socioeconomic conditions in a country, so when one organization downsizes, most of the other organizations are also doing the same. Finding a job in these circumstances becomes even more difficult for the employees. The process of searching for the job is not only physically tiring but is also emotionally demanding as one has to face the high expectations of the friends and family members who depend financially on one with no job in hand. The second challenge in front of the unemployed empl oyee is the constant feeling of embarrassment in front of the friends and family members. Owing to the shortage of money, it is not very uncommon for one to decline to the level that one has to ask friends for money, which in itself is a very embarrassing process, and often the loan is not granted without interest that puts the individual into an even greater financial stress for the time to come. The employees have to meet the daily needs in an increasingly tough environment wherein the prices of things are skyrocketing. All of these factors mutually function to negatively affect the individual’s health and psychology.  Ã‚  

Reflective Practice in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflective Practice in Nursing - Essay Example It will make use of Schon’s reflection model. Schon’s theory outlines two different types of reflection that occur at different time phases: reflection on action (Schon 1983) and reflection in action (Schon 1983). ‘Reflection in action’ is often referred to the colloquial phrase as ‘thinking on your feet’ a term used to being able to assess ourselves within a situation, making appropriate changes and still keeping a steady flow in the process. Reflection on action is when reflection occurs after the event. This is where the practitioner makes a deliberate and conscious attempt to act and reflect upon a situation and how it should be handled in the future (Loughran 1996). Nursing practitioners deal with various kinds of people every day, hence they should develop effective communication skills. Timmins (2011) contends that nursing competencies should include knowledge of building â€Å"therapeutic partnerships with their patients and colleagues through safe, effective and non-discriminatory communication, taking account of individual differences, capabilities and needs† (p. 31). This means that they should be resourceful enough in conveying their messages through verbal, non-verbal and written forms to be understood and also also understand people’s needs better. Being adept in active listening and empathic skills as well as reading and expressing non-verbal communication promote the safety and well-being of patients and is most likely to achieve the best outcomes.

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY - Lab Report Example s has provided an excellent tool to study these complex microbial communities, and provides us with the means in which to assess the health of a given system (Atlas 2004). The danger posed by hydrocarbon contamination in sea water areas is rapidly increasing because of increase in human activities that need petroleum as a source of energy and because of the increased interest in the exploitation of a quarter of the world oil reservoir in the arctic ocean. Based on Metagenomic analysis of crude oil contaminated beach sample versus uncontaminated beach sample this paper seeks to explain the main statistically significant shifts between the two samples both taxonomically and metabolically, and provide a suggestion the possible reasoning for why these shifts may have occurred. Taxonomically, at 95% confidence interval, there are statistically significant shifts between the two samples such that at the domain level, bacteria, archae, and viruses are present with bacteria concentration being slightly higher in the contaminated sample as compared to the uncontaminated sample. Similarly, at the phylum level, there are statistically significant shifts in the proportion of protoebacteria concentration with the uncontaminated beach sample having a higher concentration of approximately less than 73.8% as compared to the contaminated sample. Under the same taxonomic level, bacteroidetes concentration in the contaminated sample is higher which is the similar case for planctomyccetes, cyanobacteria, acidobacteria, firmicutes, chloroflex, and cholorobi. On the contrary, there is a considerable shift in firmicules concentration with the contaminated beach sample having a higher concentration. At class level, there are statistically significant shifts in gammaproteobac teria with the uncontaminated beach sample having a higher proportion of about less than 37.8%. This is the same observation for actinobacteria, betaprotobacteria, and alphaprotobacteria. On the contrary,

Should Abortion Be Legalized Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Should Abortion Be Legalized - Research Paper Example Though abortion had been a vehemently disputed issue, and authorities stated it as crime, the same has obtained the legal status during the second half of the twentieth century. Since abortion is completely the personal matter for women, which not only relieves unnecessary domestic, financial and social burden from the very back of women but also leaves positive impact on their health and fitness, it must have legal status in every country of the globe, and mothers should have the right to decide about the fate of their unborn children without any interference from statute of law or social norms and cultural values prevailing in their social establishment. There was a time when abortion was criticized and censured by an overwhelming majority of the people in almost all parts of the world. The people widely looked down upon the act and declared it a serious sin, injustice, and crime against religious, moral and ethical principles being followed. The dogmatists particularly condemned a nd rebuked the practice by declaring it as an obnoxious act against humanity at large, which is equally heinous to the murder of a born individual. The religious people were of the view that since Nature had allowed the unborn child to enter the world, without entering into the debate that whether he is legitimate or illegitimate, no human should have the right to stop his way to arriving in the world at any cost. Another main reason behind opposing abortion was this that the person(s) responsible for the same were regarded as the murderers of an innocent life, which neither had any contribution in arriving in the world nor did he had the power to defend himself from the cruel clutches ready to take his life before birth even. Thus, taking the life of a harmless, defenseless and innocent unborn was undoubtedly a serious crime against society in the eyes of the religious-minded people as well as for the moralists in past. It is, therefore, the act of abortion always invited displeasu re and abhorrence of a large number of the population for the last several centuries, and people always maintained very negative opinion regarding the act. Animistic religion tends to regard abortion as a direct attack on the vital principles of nature. Similarly, Abrahamic faiths including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, do not allow any step even that advances towards abortion, as the Old Testament states: â€Å"Choose life, then, so that you and your descendants may live, in the love of Yahweh your God, obeying His voice, clinging to Him; for in this your life consists, and on this depends your long stay in the land which Yahweh swore to your fathers... (Dt 30:19-20). It is, therefore, the legalization of abortion had not been taken into consideration altogether till the end of the nineteenth century. Somehow, time took the drastic turn, and society started entering into debates and discussions in respect of the validity of abortion in the best interest of women and society. T he supporters of abortion argue that since the mother is the major sufferer before and after the birth of children, she should have been granted the permission to decided whether the child should be born or not.

History and Analysis of city Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History and Analysis of city - Assignment Example Located at north latitude of 39 degrees 56’ and east longtitude of 116 degrees 20’, Beijing grandly reposing along the north most part of the north China plain; along with the northwest is the Shanxi province and inner Mongolian plain, and from the east is the Bohai sea. Among the neighborhood provinces are the Hebei province and Tianjin to the southeast. Beijing as being considered as one of the three mega cities of China under the direct jurisdiction of the central government is divided into 10 districts and 8 respective counties. The people of Beijing are enjoying the moderate continental climate. 600 to 700 millimeters is the average rainfall Beijing receives yearly and much of it falls in late June, July, and August. Spring is dry and dusty and the best season being considered in Beijing, as well as in the whole of China is the autumn. Beijing serves as the political and cultural center of the modern China. It was the considered as the capital of many dynasties dur ing the past, ancient times. Everything in this place picturesque the aura of the past history, battles, origins and the sensations present in this place will lead encourage anyone to feel the deep respect for the city that holds stories dated back to its origin. Taihang Mountains Beijing claimed to be a gulf by the historians and geologist two to three million years ago. The geographical distribution of Beijing is very significant to be called â€Å"Beijing Gulf†. Beijing is enclosed by Taihang Mountains located at the west and Yanshan to the north, to the east is the Bohai Bay and in front of the Hebei plain to the south. According to geologist and historians, the melting of ice and snow during spring carried enormous amount of mud from the mountains to the gulf. This was transformed to be alluvial plain and is now known to be Beijing. Mountains that surround Beijing serves as the protection cover from the northern strong winds. From the east part blew the wet air, huge pla in stretched far to the southland and wide lengthy rivers and streams are some of the features that this place is made suitable environment for human to live and settle down. Inhabitants of this place are also blessed with temperate climate and plentiful rainfall that suits to agricultural activities. History of Beijing Peking Man Anthropologist’s claim that evidences shows manifestations that more than half a million years ago, in the southwest suburbs lived a Peking man. Climate condition during that time was warmer and compared to the present climate of Beijing. Relics of the Peking man was found as well as the stone tools, how the fire was used up to the tools being used way back 18000 ago. It is considered as the earliest cultural relics China have recorded in the history. The true significance of the city’s origin, tracing back 2,000 years ago, started in the period of the Western Zou Dynasty dated 11th century BC to 771 BC. The feudal lords during this time were given by the emperor plots of land in which one of the plot given was called â€Å"Ji City†. This is considered as the first city in Beijing history. During the Eastern Zhou Period dated 476 BC to 221 BC, the Ji kingdom was abolished and replace by â€Å"Yan Kingdom† but JI remains as the capital during that time. When china was unified by Emperor Qin Shi Huang, Beijing has been considered as a strategic place in China’s northern part. Beijing was called â€Å"

Systems and Structure of compulsory Education in the Uk Assignment

Systems and Structure of compulsory Education in the Uk - Assignment Example Through the years, there has been a relevant collaboration of different organizations and statutory bodies so that a strong educational standard is maintained. According to Fosket (1992), the role of external relations would â€Å"address the issues of the school’s relationship to its outside audiences† (p. 3). Being an institution of education and training for society’s use, it is important to constantly connect with the current situation and elaborate its need for solutions, appreciate and conserve whatever good things the community has to offer. The external statutory bodies, even though not directly related to it, carry education by means of emotional support (parents and guardians) and financial support (scholarship programs from the business sector). External relations also play an important role in the realization of some changes in the curriculum; an example would be the unsuccessful transition of Key Stage 1 to Key Stage 2. Messer (1992), as cited in Fos ket (1992), discussed that the supposed to be â€Å"smooth transition† of a key stage to another was not carried out well because schools disregarded the individual planning of the teacher and preferred a corporate planning. In carrying out the plan effectively, Hanford, Reader, and Fullick (1992) as cited in Fosket (1992), proposed that there should be a linkage of the schools to the community, having the parents, media, and the employers as regulators so that the education being offered to the students is holistic. According to Hanford as cited in Fosket (1992), â€Å"liaison between the school and the parents of the pupils is based on a well-founded tradition† (p. 105). Saying that parents are just for the home holds an obsolete idea since the Education Act of 1994 strongly indicated the â€Å"legal duty of the parents to ensure their children’s education.† The use of media in schools has greatly affected the teaching techniques of the teachers. Thus, having the media in line with other regulatory bodies is just coherent. Media can be used to â€Å"raise awareness,† and â€Å"create a positive image of the school† (Reader as cited in Fosket, 1992, p. 118). Fullick as cited in Fosket (1992) concerns more on future employment, where the economic trends affect the choice of students of their career paths. Funding is also a major issue in the education sector. Knowing that no organisation could survive without proper financial help, privately owned businesses also finance certain schools and even directly helping the students by giving them scholarship grants. This situation implies that even institutions not related to giving education also matter in terms of support. An existing challenge faced by both government and external statutory bodies of is the tiering of the school system. The tiering of the UK school system has lowered the education’s principle of equality since it can be a form of stratification amon g students. The report says that the two-tier system creates a â€Å"poverty trap for disadvantaged.† Chitty (1989) contends that the tiering of the school system is a reflection of the society as a whole; where the top tier represents the advantages and well-funded private schools, the second tier resembles that of the middle or working class, and the third tier

New Media Technology Essay Example for Free

New Media Technology Essay Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of the worldwide web, initially intended his invention to be a haven of collaboration where people could share their knowledge (Gauntlett 2009:39). Although the prospect of such public journalism corresponded with democratic and egalitarian principles, journalists took this idea with a pinch of salt. This was almost 20 years ago, before the information highway had, for better or for worse, stretched its limbs across the globe. Today, the new media has redefined both journalism and self expression in conflicting ways that leave an individual wondering at the veracity of digital information. In the last decade, internet has gone through an explosive growth and diversification. No one could have foreseen how the internet would pervade our lives and transform the very notion of being part of a society. It has provided the ultimate freedom of the new age: a single blogger can speak to the entire world, a concept virtually impossible two decades ago. However, with this flourishing and unbound growth, the internet brings a unique set of predicaments and dilemmas. The most profound and relevant of such problems is the age-old clash of a person’s right of self-expression with the hazards of misinformation of the whole society. Whether this deceit comes about due to ignorance or design is irrelevant; in a society that promotes freedom of speech, misinformation is bound to occur on both grounds. While conferring infinite freedom to the common person, this means of self-expression comes with the acrid realization that words from a layman, presented as the predominating views of his community, are not necessarily a blessing. The news on the new media of today is more about gossip and entertainment then first-rate journalism. Since when did journalism begin to cater to the ever-growing need of the populace to be entertained? In an interview to BBC World News America, Ted Koppel, former Nightline presenter, criticized the digital journalist of today for being a mere supplier for consumers (Whitlock 2010). The commercial expansion of new media and ever-growing competition in the free market means that journalists have to write what sells; or rather, gets the most â€Å"hits† on a website. How did we come to a situation where the populace demands not to be informed, but to be perpetually entertained? Discussing news on the television, Daya Kishan Thussu (2007: 9) states: â€Å"There is a concern that too much news is creating an information overload, contributing to a structural erosion of the public sphere in the Habermasian sense, where the viewer, bombarded with visuals, is unable to differentiate between public information and corporate propaganda. † If that is true regarding television news, it most definitely holds water concerning internet news. The gargantuan flow of information, most of which lacks in credibility, is bombarded on any user who wades through the mire of pop up advertisements, banners, and mass e-mailing. Although, these devices are some of the tools used in the race to get more traffic on ones website, the capitalist agenda is far from being the most unfavorable feature of journalism. It is the ubiquitous use of new media, especially by the youth that yields the most detrimental effects. The frivolous writing that is spilt across the new media today may be the first literature some of us encounter, and draw heavily from. However, there have been examples of the internet doing its job where other media have failed. Earlier this year, on January 12th, an earthquake hit the Caribbean island of Haiti. All landlines and mobile connections were suspended. The production team of the news program Sunrise at Sky News, London, was finding it difficult to channel in the first reports from the disaster-struck area. It was to be a young member of their team, Emily Purser, who used Twitter and instant messaging via Google and Skype, to secure the first reports of the incident (Elward 2010). Another, much publicized affair was the use of Twitter by the political opposition in Iran to protest the presidential elections. The protestants took to all sorts of media, but the loudest dissent was voiced, surprisingly, through microblogging. This medium proved to be fast, portable, and most importantly very difficult to contain. Ironically, this very accessibility makes the medium too erratic, unreliable, and mundane to be of any journalistic value (Grossman 2009). An obvious embodiment of the debate between free speech and quality journalism is Wikipedia. This resource epitomizes the â€Å"by the people, for the people† ideology, but this trait alone does not give it any credibility whatsoever, at least not in academic circles. A former editor-in-chief of Encyclopedia Britannica compared Wikipedia to a â€Å"public toilet†, accusing it of delivering information that has no authenticity (Shirky 2006). On the other hand, notions that anything that appears in print media will always be more accurate than digital information are absurd. What Wikipedia envisions is the process through which one can witness the knowledge of its users evolving and perfecting itself through countless revisions (Shirky 2006). The trump card in the argument for Wikipedia comes from a comparison of veracity of data between itself and Britannica; the scientific journal Nature declares them to be of similar accuracy (Giles 2005:900). This collaboration is a sign for those who think people are becoming ever more antisocial and misanthropic, for this is a global effort in creating something for the benefit of all and no monetary gain (Gauntlett 2009:42) . Patricia Wallace, in her book, The Psychology of the Internet writes about how free flow of information can be used to cultivate critical and analytical thinking amongst students who access it (1999:245). Nevertheless, the fact remains that the new media is losing credibility day by day. Although, the global sharing of information and its revision by collaboration is a noble idea, public journalism makes it exceedingly difficult to acquire accurate information; and to accept the new media as a genuine journalistic medium. BIBLIOGRAPHY Gauntlet, David. (2009). Case Study: Wikipedia. Eds. Creeber, G Martin, R. Digital Cultures. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill. Thussu, Daya Kishan. (2007). News as Entertainment: The Rise of Global Infotainment. London: SAGE Publications. Wallace, Patricia. (1999). The Psychology of The Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Shirky, Clay. Interviewed on Imagine, BBC1, UK (aired 5th December 2006) Giles, Jim. (2005). Internet encyclopedias go head to head, Nature, 438:900. www. nature. com/nature/journal/v438/n7070/full/438900a. html (5th May, 2010) Grossman, Lev. (2009). Iran Protests: Twitter, the Medium of the Movement. Time. http://www. time. com/time/world/article/0,8599,1905125,00. html (5th May, 2010) Whitlock, Scott. (2010). Ted Koppel Slams Undisciplined Internet Journalism. NewsBusters. http://newsbusters. org/blogs/scott-whitlock/2010/04/13/ted-koppel-slams-undisciplined-internet-journalism-longs-good-old-da (5th May, 2010) Elward, David. (2010) Work of a trainee newspaper journalist. (5th May, 2010) http://davidelward. com/2010/03/09/the-digital-revolution-need-not-sound-the-death-knell-for-good-journalism/

Economic Growth Rate of Malaysia

Economic Growth Rate of Malaysia After world recession the rates of growth were changed from last years the same as Malaysia (graphs bellow). Malaysia has been feeling the result of global economic decline, principally in the last quarter of 2008. Exports and investment had focused during the time that consequently caused real GDP growth to decelerate sharply to a marginal 0.1%.In the face of increasing global economic complexities, the Government had reported the second Stimulus package of RM60 billion in March 2009 in order to prevent the domestic economy from reducing and fall into a deep recession. Over 2009 and 2010, the package implemented that also help employment, private division investment and consumption as well as providing social safety net. In November 2008, the Government had announced the first stimulus package amounting to RM7.0 billion. The fiscal stimulus packages are to compliment expansionary monetary policy to help support domestic spending and overall economic growth. The Government recently r evised downward the countrys GDP predict for 2009 to between minus 5.0% and minus 4.0% from its earlier projection of minus 1.0% to 1.0%. The revision was made after first quarter 2009 GDP shrank a worse than expected 6.2%. This is the first decline since third quarter of 2001 (-0.4%). Whole the world was found a bad circumstances in recession and inflation, and this data demonstrated the responsibilities of Malaysia government for prevent its country in against of inflation and its affection on lifes quality. In short, The Malaysian economy recorded a moderation in 2008 affected by the sharp deterioration in global economy as the US sub-prime mortgage problems evolved into a full-blown global financial crisis. The deterioration in external demand had adversely affected the countrys export and investment performance, while slowing down spending on consumption. As an open economy, Malaysia is experiencing the stronger impact of global economic crisis this year and the countrys real GDP could also slip into recession after posting a moderate 4.6% growth last year. A number of monetary and fiscal policy measures have also been announced by the Government to help support the economy. While the fiscal stimulus involves high budgetary cost to the Government, and the fiscal deficit will significantly expand, the expansionary policy responses are necessary to help prevent the economy from sliding into a deeper downturn. However, the positive effects of these policy measures can only be achieved following their quick and effective implementation. Economic growth take places whenever people take resources and reorganize them in ways that are more valuable. A useful metaphor for production in an economy comes from the kitchen. To create valuable final products, we mix low-cost ingredients together according to a recipe. The cooking one can do is limited by the supply of ingredients, and most cooking in the economy produces undesirable side effects. If economic growth could be achieved only by doing more and more of the same kind of cooking, we would eventually run out of raw materials and suffer from unacceptable levels of pollution and nuisance. We learn from human history that, however, economic growth springs from better recipes, not just from more cooking. New recipes usually produce less unpleasant side effects and produce more economic value per unit of raw material. Every generation has perceived the limits to growth that limited resources and undesirable side effects would pose if no new recipes or ideas were discovered. Moreover, every generation has underestimated the potential for finding new recipes and ideas. We constantly fail to grasp how many ideas remain to be discovered. The difficulty is the same one we have with compounding: possibilities do not merely add up. In 1997, Malaysia suffered from a harsh blow by the Southeast Asian financial crisis, the exchange rate of Malaysian currency ringgit against the U.S. dollar has decreased 46%, the composite index of stock market fell more than half. In 1998, Malaysias economy first, started the negative growth (-7.5%) since last 13 years, after that unemployment and inflation rates increased. In September 1998, Malaysian Government adopted the expansionary monetary policy, then the introduction of selective capital and currency control calculates came out. The major content concentrated on the regulation of short-term foreign investment, the Ringgit Malaysia against the U.S. dollar exchange rate will be fixed at the level of 1:3.8, and then government announced the prohibition of offshore ringgit transactions. After that, Malaysia financial situation was being stabilized, the stock market had also been gradually recovered, and an annual economic average growth rate has remained above 8% since that y ear. In recent years, Malaysian saw the stable exchange rate of currency, restructuring of bank corporate debt, expanding demand of domestic and new export policies, the economy of Malaysia has maintained a rapid growth. Government had stressed some important implementations to fiscal deficit, for example, the abolition of a number of costly image projects, especially focusing on the construction and other basic industries such as agriculture. Government recommends the consuming and investing behaviours, so now the private sectors are as the countrys new economic growth pillars. At the same time, government encourages the development of tourism, education and achieves economic diversification. To increase the economic growth rate, first, must minimize the costs and absorb more investment. Now we can see there are many countries are competing with each other, they fight just because they want more investment, but this behavior may lower the standard, as well as reducing the variety of requirements. So, all of these are losses to us. Malaysia can do something to avoid this situation. For example, help Malaysian tourism to be revitalized. In addition, Malaysia government also does not want to lower the standards. Otherwise, they must further maintain a high standards and own brand. Malaysia government needs to have some of their own methods and measures, not just to say that they refuse all the recommendations from west, but in fact, they just need to achieve a balance. We may feel that the west measures depend on the transparency and accountability. However, the fact in Asian countries, this has been a weakness, they always say that there would be many stimulus packages, and the unnoticed part is not fully utilized or the part of measures we want from west for focusing on the accountability, which was mentioned above, while strengthening auditing the standards. By this way, Malaysia government can help the people, not by a number of external affairs of the harm and impact, these things are already not aware by them, and no longer their responsibility. If Malaysia attempts to achieve a faster economic growth rate according to the current global situation, I think, compare with the advantages obtained already, Malaysia citizens will burden more disadvantages once government makes this decision. For example, unemployment and economic growth are negative correlation, that is, economic growth rate rises, unemployment rate declines; on the contrary, economic growth rate declines, unemployment rate rises. On the other hand, inflation and economic growth is related so closely, it means that the high economic growth rate has generally been accompanied by a high rate of inflation. First, the rapid economic growth, will further stimulate the growth of investment, but also increase a substantial demand in aggregate, thus contributing to a increase in prices which leads to the inflation; if Malaysia government lower the speed too fast, although the prices may be stabilized for a while, but also will bring problemssupplies are reduced, and many companies will be in cut-off, semi cut-off state, even some workers will lose their livelihood security which also causes the social instability(this is already happened on Malaysia export industries a few years ago). Nevertheless, if the economy is growing too fast, obviously exceeded the scope of resources, which will cause a serious inflation. About the rising prices, especially the sharp rise in prices will affect the economy continues to grow rapidly. Because prices rise sharply is so harmful, the state will adopt austerity measures to curb inflation. The contraction speed will lead a sharp declining in economic growth rate or even sustaining a slow economic growth rate. Therefore, during the economic restructuring process of Malaysia, although her economy runs its own complexity and uncertainty, the relevant departments in government must implement the tasks, which are assigned by the citizens to maintain the economic stability of Malaysia.

Psychokinesis :: essays research papers fc

Psychokinesis (PK)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the beginning of time occurrences of psychokinesis has been recorded. The term itself is taken from the two Greek words psyche (â€Å"breath†, â€Å"life†, or â€Å"soul†) and kinein (â€Å"to move†.) Psychokinesis is a technique of mind over matter such as moving objects, bending metal objects, or knowing the outcome of future events, all with ones mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Such occurrences of PK have been found in the Bible and have also been recorded from people throughout the ages. One such incident is of D.D. Holmes, who lived during the 19th century, who was known to levitate. Another is Nina Kulagina, who could alter the course of objects in motion, leave impressions on photograph, and she was even seen affecting the heart of a frog. She changed the heart rate and also stopped the heart and started it again. There are also pictures of her levitating objects. Researchers have not proven some of these occurrences to be fraud and also have not found a direct cause of PK. Many researchers believe that psychokinesis falls in the category of quantum physics. Dennis Over bye believes that psychokinesis belongs in this category because, â€Å"the world has less to do with reality than with our perception of that reality.† It has been determined that psychokinesis occurs within necessary conditions and with patterns, but these pa tterns have not applied to all circumstances. J. B. Rhine, an American parapsychologist at Duke University conducted an experiment with a gambler who claimed that he could predict the outcome of the fall of the dice. His results concluded that PK â€Å"doesn’t seem to connect with any physical process of the brain, or to be subject to any of the mechanical laws of physics.† To J. P. Rhine, pyschokinesis was a nonphysical force of the mind that cannot be explained by any laws of physics. Rhine’s experiments and research lead to other studies. One physicist, Helmut Schmidt found PK in animals as well as humans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other types of psychokinesis have been researched and have been thought of with skepticism. One such activity is of poltergeists, such as flying objects, breaking of dishes, and unexplained sounds. Psychokinesis :: essays research papers fc Psychokinesis (PK)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the beginning of time occurrences of psychokinesis has been recorded. The term itself is taken from the two Greek words psyche (â€Å"breath†, â€Å"life†, or â€Å"soul†) and kinein (â€Å"to move†.) Psychokinesis is a technique of mind over matter such as moving objects, bending metal objects, or knowing the outcome of future events, all with ones mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Such occurrences of PK have been found in the Bible and have also been recorded from people throughout the ages. One such incident is of D.D. Holmes, who lived during the 19th century, who was known to levitate. Another is Nina Kulagina, who could alter the course of objects in motion, leave impressions on photograph, and she was even seen affecting the heart of a frog. She changed the heart rate and also stopped the heart and started it again. There are also pictures of her levitating objects. Researchers have not proven some of these occurrences to be fraud and also have not found a direct cause of PK. Many researchers believe that psychokinesis falls in the category of quantum physics. Dennis Over bye believes that psychokinesis belongs in this category because, â€Å"the world has less to do with reality than with our perception of that reality.† It has been determined that psychokinesis occurs within necessary conditions and with patterns, but these pa tterns have not applied to all circumstances. J. B. Rhine, an American parapsychologist at Duke University conducted an experiment with a gambler who claimed that he could predict the outcome of the fall of the dice. His results concluded that PK â€Å"doesn’t seem to connect with any physical process of the brain, or to be subject to any of the mechanical laws of physics.† To J. P. Rhine, pyschokinesis was a nonphysical force of the mind that cannot be explained by any laws of physics. Rhine’s experiments and research lead to other studies. One physicist, Helmut Schmidt found PK in animals as well as humans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other types of psychokinesis have been researched and have been thought of with skepticism. One such activity is of poltergeists, such as flying objects, breaking of dishes, and unexplained sounds.

Van Gogh failure Essay -- Essays Papers

Van Gogh failure In the realm of art there have been numerous accounts of infamous artists who have stood out in their art period, such as Goya, Monet and Picasso. One artist who stood out during his art period was Vincent van Gogh, not only for his artwork but also because of his tragic life. Vincent van Gogh is now a world-renowned painter who was born on March 30th, 1853. He was born in Groot Zundert in North Brabant and was the son of Theodorus van Gogh. His art is considered to be part of the expressionism era and his most famous art works include Starry Night, Sun Flowers and The Mulberry Tree. But though he has had much love, admiration and popularity after his death, van Gogh could be considered a failure during his life, for he could not have any type of stable relationship with anyone. He failed to get along with other people including other artists, failed to have a stable relationship with his family and also failed in having any type of successful love relationships. Although an artist should be able to be at peace with his/her surroundings, van Gogh could never blend in with society nor could he get along with other artists. As a young man, his peers did not accept Vincent: â€Å"in the class of Mr. Bokma he certainly was the most advanced, but he does not feel at home at the school, he is ‘like a fish out of water’ he says, and is ridiculed for is peculiarities in dress and manners.† (48). Van Gogh was uncomfortable in his surroundings at Brussel, a school for teaching religion, and was mocked by his classmates because his attire was disagreeable to their taste. As he matured as a man, he still was unable to get along with other people: â€Å"Acquaintances, and relatives are shocked to see him walk about with such a slovenly woman; nobody cares to associate with him any longer and his home life is such that nobody come to visit him.† (56) Many people disagreed or disliked the fact that he was involved with a woman , who was â€Å"such a slovenly woman†, and so they never cared to visit Vincent anymore or have any association with him any longer. Even as an artist, van Gogh could not even get along with other artists let alone society as a whole: â€Å" Vincent and I simply cannot live together in peace, in consequence of incompatibility of temper, and he as well as I, we need quiet for our work.†(73). This quote was from a letter from G... ...d he has also drawn a portrait of her (which seems to have been lost), but the thought of a more intimate relation did not occur to her, and when Vincent spoke to her at last about his love, a very decided no was the immediate reply†(54). Once again as Vincent gathered his courage to express his love, but again denied. Lastly, Vincent failed again to establish a love relationship with a woman named Kee, who entered into his life when he lived in Holland. His method, which he followed to win her heart, was, â€Å"to love her so long, that she’ll love me in the end†(130). But in the end she never loved Vincent and once again Vincent was left alone. In all of his attempts, Vincent had failed in all his adventures to develop any type of love relationships. For a world-renowned artist, Vincent van Gogh led a life of failure. He failed in almost to get along with people in society. He failed to have a healthy and balanced l relationship with his family. Lastly he had failed in any type of love interest, for a number of women who entered his life. Love, admiration and popularity simply was not a life that Vincent van Gogh had lead, instead one of heartache, solitude and rejection.

The Role of Stress in the Development of Bulimia Essay -- Causes of Bul

The Role of Stress in the Development of Bulimia During the past few decades, Western culture has witnessed an enormous explosion in the number of eating disorders reported among young women. One such type of eating disorder is Butimia Nervosa. According to the DSM-IV criteria it is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, in which the person experiences a feeling of "loss of control",and recurrent compensatory behavior in order to prevent weight gain. Both of these behaviors occur, on average, at least twice a week for three months. In addition, self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight. Finally, there are two subcategories of bulimia. There is the purging type in which the person regularly engages in self-induced vomiting or the misuse of diuretics or laxatives. The other type is the nonpurging group in which the person engages in other inappropriate compensatory behaviors rather than self-induced vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics. (American Psychiatric Association, 1993) Several studies have focused on stress as one important variable in the onset or occurrence of eating disorders such as bulimia. In addition, they explore the different situations or events which bulin-fics consider to be stressful and the various ways in which bulimics cope with these stressors. In this paper I plan to evaluate the effectiveness of the following related studies and attempt to answer the question, What is the role of stress in the development of DuUnfia? Do Bulimics Appraise Stress Differently? It is possible that bulimics may appraise potential stressors differently from other individuals. For example, in comparison to nonbulimics, people with bulimia may appraise the situation as being more s... ...ic Disorder with Agoraphobia on Eating Disorder Symptomatology: A Case Study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 18,195-198. Compas, B.A., Rosen, J.C., & Tacy, B. (1993). The Relation Among Stress, Psychological Symptoms, and Eating Disorder Symptoms: A Prospective Analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 14,153-162. Cooper, P. J. & Steere, J. (I 993). The Effects of Eating of Dietary Restraint, Anxiety, and Hunger. Intemational Journal of Eating Disorders, 13, 211-219. Lopez-lbor, A. J. (1991). The nosological entity buhmia nervosa. Actas Luso-Espanolas de Neurologia, 19, 304-325. Killen, J.D., Maron, D.J., Robinson, T.N., Saylor, K.E., Taylor, C.B., & Telch, M.J. (1987). Evidence for an Alcohol-Stress Link among- Normal Weight Adolescent's Reporting Purging Behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 349-3 56. The Role of Stress in the Development of Bulimia Essay -- Causes of Bul The Role of Stress in the Development of Bulimia During the past few decades, Western culture has witnessed an enormous explosion in the number of eating disorders reported among young women. One such type of eating disorder is Butimia Nervosa. According to the DSM-IV criteria it is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating, in which the person experiences a feeling of "loss of control",and recurrent compensatory behavior in order to prevent weight gain. Both of these behaviors occur, on average, at least twice a week for three months. In addition, self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight. Finally, there are two subcategories of bulimia. There is the purging type in which the person regularly engages in self-induced vomiting or the misuse of diuretics or laxatives. The other type is the nonpurging group in which the person engages in other inappropriate compensatory behaviors rather than self-induced vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics. (American Psychiatric Association, 1993) Several studies have focused on stress as one important variable in the onset or occurrence of eating disorders such as bulimia. In addition, they explore the different situations or events which bulin-fics consider to be stressful and the various ways in which bulimics cope with these stressors. In this paper I plan to evaluate the effectiveness of the following related studies and attempt to answer the question, What is the role of stress in the development of DuUnfia? Do Bulimics Appraise Stress Differently? It is possible that bulimics may appraise potential stressors differently from other individuals. For example, in comparison to nonbulimics, people with bulimia may appraise the situation as being more s... ...ic Disorder with Agoraphobia on Eating Disorder Symptomatology: A Case Study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 18,195-198. Compas, B.A., Rosen, J.C., & Tacy, B. (1993). The Relation Among Stress, Psychological Symptoms, and Eating Disorder Symptoms: A Prospective Analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 14,153-162. Cooper, P. J. & Steere, J. (I 993). The Effects of Eating of Dietary Restraint, Anxiety, and Hunger. Intemational Journal of Eating Disorders, 13, 211-219. Lopez-lbor, A. J. (1991). The nosological entity buhmia nervosa. Actas Luso-Espanolas de Neurologia, 19, 304-325. Killen, J.D., Maron, D.J., Robinson, T.N., Saylor, K.E., Taylor, C.B., & Telch, M.J. (1987). Evidence for an Alcohol-Stress Link among- Normal Weight Adolescent's Reporting Purging Behavior. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 349-3 56.

Racial Diversity in Society Worksheet Essay

Part I Complete the following using the MySocLab Social Explorer Map: Income Inequality by Race (located on the student website) as a reference: Select 1 racial group from the list below: African American o Asian American o Arab American o Hispanic American/Latino White/Caucasian Write a 150- to 300-word summary of the economic, social, and political standings of that group. Use additional resources if necessary, from the University Library or your textbooks. Provide citations for all the sources you use. The economic standings of African Americans are anything but fruitful. In 2007 the net worth for black families was 20%, and the estimated wealth for blacks in the year of 2042 will drop to 19%. Black median households income sits at $33,374, which is about 60%(State of Black America 2013). Wealth is valuable in a society were your economic situation determines the group of people you associate yourself with. The social standings we face are considerably better than what they were decades back. In society today, there are social constraints to how a person of a different race acts. The â€Å"Acting white, acting black† social form has taken on a lot in the recent years. The fear of â€Å"acting† outside of your own race can be detrimental to what needs to be accomplished. For minorities to take school seriously they have to overcome two obstacles, their white classmates and also the idea of acting like someone else. Part II Answer the following in 50 to 150 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. What is racism? In what ways does racism affect diversity? Racism is the belief that all race is the primary determination of all human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. I believe this has a huge impact on diversity. We seen diversity as being one in the same or learning how to live around people of different cultural and race. When racism plays such a crucial role in how we live. How do racial groups interact in contemporary America? Are interactions positive, negative, or neutral? Support your response using proper citations. In chapter 8 of the textbook, it points out that the difference between acting white, acting black and neither. It states that the reason African Americans do not succeed in school is because they don’t want to be caught â€Å"acting white†. The interaction to me is a negative as any. Contemporary America is made up of white people, and acting white is deemed undesirable in some black neighborhoods. Along with getting the proper education or â€Å"acting white,† you also associate with speaking proper english or having a different cultural preference such as, listening to rock instead of hip-hop(Ferguson 2007). â€Å"Acting black† in contemporary American can be seen as positive but also neutral. Are there existing social inequities based on race? Why or why not? There are many social inequalities based on race. Racial disparities are the main reason to the situation some race find themselves in. From income, wealth, health and educational background. In the last decade median white families are making almost double the amount as any other race in America. Black and Mexican median households make up about 67  cents compared to every dollar white median households make. Are these inequalities based off the lack of education that minorities receive? What do you believe to be the causes of racial prejudice and discrimination in today’s society? I believe the cause of racial prejudice in America is the way that it is perceived. The causes to racial discrimination are the idea the media and other outlets make us believe. I also feel like as a minority in this society the activity that my people perform doesn’t help strengthen the case at all. Blacks are perceived as intolerable and it is because it is how the media depicts us. Based on social and economic standards I don’t believe it will change until we all are seen as equal.

Technology During World War II

Radar and Bombsites. Both technologies played a crucial role in the defensive and offensive strategies of all the countries involved. During World War II RADAR saw its first use in combat operations. Although radar came of age during the war (Gobble) it is often referred to as the weapon that won the war and the invention that changed the world.Radar was a technology that allowed land bases to detect Incoming aircraft and direct their anta-alarm defenses In the direction of the Incoming aircraft. Radar was also seed in an offensive strategy by giving aircraft the ability to attack targets at night and during inclement weather. Although the use of aircraft in combat wasn't a new concept in World War II, the development of the bombsites helped to make them a strategic weapon. Bombsites technology allowed for more accurate bombing runs and precision targeting of military and industrial locations.By factoring in altitude, air speed, and ground speed, World War II bombsites allowed bomber s to fly at higher altitudes during their bombing missions which provided safety to the bombers and their crews from nit-aircraft guns and defending fighter aircraft. Radar Radar technology works by transmitting strong, short pulses of radio energy into the air in a specific direction using what is called a directional antenna. When these pulses hit an object like a ship, or aircraft they bounce off the object and back to the antenna.These signals are then converted into an electric signal and shown on screen where they can be viewed by an operator. The position of a detected target Is determined by measuring the time It takes the signal pulse to travel to the target, ounce off, and return to the transmitting antenna. Combining this with the direction the antenna is pointing, gives the targets position. Bombsites A bombsites Is a device used by aircraft to sight a target from the alarm and then accurately drop a bomb on that target.When a bomb Is dropped from an airplane It does not fall straight down but actually moves forward as it falls. This is caused by the horizontal movement of the plane in flight. A falling bomb is also affected by the air resistance created by falling through the air, which causes the bomb to always be Enid the plane when it strikes the target. A bombsites determines, in real time, both the range and the course of the plane so as to calculate the proper moment for releasing a bomb.On the 7th of September 1940, the first wave of over 600 German bombers flew up the River Thames to attack the docks. This was the first night of a bombing campaign called the Blitz. Men and women living along the Thames believed â€Å"the whole world was on fire. † For the next 56 nights London was bombed from dusk to dawn. Conclusion With the technology coming into WI, the war had changed. By building and reading new bomb sights, the Germans could easily bomb London from the air with out worry of artillery below.Many civilians were killed in these b ombing however, Londoner continued to go to work and move with every day life. Another new piece of technology, Radar, was also introduced in WI. This created a new era of technology based warfare. It is said that Radar could have stopped the bombing of Pearl Harbor as the Radar had picked up the incoming bombers. However, as Radar was only new and introduced, higher Captains didn't believe what they were seeing was real and avoided it.

The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Nine

She was not the reincarnation of Katherine. Driving back to the boarding house in the faint lavender hush before dawn, Stefan thought about that. He'd said as much to her, and it was true, but he was only now realizing how long he'd been working toward that conclusion. He'd been aware of Elena's every breath and move for weeks, and he'd catalogued every difference. Her hair was a shade or two paler than Katherine's, and her eyebrows and lashes were darker. Katherine's had been almost silvery. And she was taller than Katherine by a good handspan. She moved with greater freedom, too; the girls of this age were more comfortable with their bodies. Even her eyes, those eyes that had transfixed him with the shock of recognition that first day, were not really the same. Katherine's eyes had usually been wide with childlike wonder, or else cast down as was proper for a young girl of the late fifteenth century. But Elena's eyes met you straight on, looked at you steadily and without flinching. And sometimes they narrowed with determination or challenge in a way Katherine's never had. In grace and beauty and sheer fascination, they were alike. But where Katherine had been a white kitten, Elena was a snow-white tigress. As he drove past the silhouettes of maple trees, Stefan cringed from the memory that sprang up suddenly. He would not think about that, he would not let himself†¦ but the images were already unreeling before him. It was as if the journal had fallen open and he could do no more than stare helplessly at the page while the story played itself out in his mind. White, Katherine had been wearing white that day. A new white gown of Venetian silk with slashed sleeves to show the fine linen chemise underneath. She had a necklace of gold and pearls about her neck and tiny pearl drop earrings in her ears. She had been so delighted with the new dress her father had commissioned especially for her. She had pirouetted in front of Stefan, lifting the full, floor-length skirt in one small hand to show the yellow brocaded underskirt beneath†¦ â€Å"You see, it is even embroidered with my initials. Papa had that done. Mein lieber Papa †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Her voice trailed off, and she stopped twirling, one hand slowly settling to her side. â€Å"But what is wrong, Stefan? You are not smiling.† He could not even try. The sight of her there, white and gold like some ethereal vision, was a physical pain to him. If he lost her, he did not know how he could live. His fingers closed convulsively around the cool engraved metal. â€Å"Katherine, how can I smile, how can I be happy when†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"When?† â€Å"When I see how you look at Damon.† There, it was said. He continued, painfully. â€Å"Before he came home, you and I were together every day. My father and yours were pleased, and spoke of marriage plans. But now the days grow shorter, summer is almost gone-and you spend as much time with Damon as you do with me. The only reason Father allows him to stay here is that you asked it. Butwhy did you ask it, Katherine? I thought you cared for me.† Her blue eyes were dismayed. â€Å"I do care for you, Stefan. Oh, you know I do!† â€Å"Then why intercede for Damon with my father? If not for you, he'd have thrown Damon out into the street†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Which I'm sure would have pleasedyou , little brother.† The voice at the door was smooth and arrogant, but when Stefan turned he saw that Damon's eyes were smoldering. â€Å"Oh, no, that isn't true,† said Katherine. â€Å"Stefan would never wish to see you hurt.† Damon's lip quirked, and he threw Stefan a wry glance as he moved to Katherine's side. â€Å"Perhaps not,† he said to her, his voice softening slightly. â€Å"But my brother is right about one thing at least. The days grow shorter, and soon your father will be leaving Florence. And he will take you with him-unless you have a reason to stay.† Unless you have a husband to stay with . The words were unspoken, but they all heard them. The baron was too fond of his daughter to force her to marry against her will. In the end it would have to be Katherine's decision. Katherine's choice. Now that the subject was broached, Stefan could not keep silent. â€Å"Katherine knows she must leave her father sometime soon-† he began, flaunting his secret knowledge, but his brother interrupted. â€Å"Ah, yes, before the old man grows suspicious,† Damon said casually. â€Å"Even the most doting of fathers must start to wonder when his daughter comes forth only at night.† Anger and hurt swept through Stefan. It was true, then; Damon knew. Katherine had shared her secret with his brother. â€Å"Why did you tell him, Katherine? Why? What can you see in him: a man who cares for nothing but his own pleasure? How can he make you happy when he thinks only of himself?† â€Å"And how can this boy make you happy when he knows nothing of the world?† Damon interposed, his voice razor-sharp with contempt. â€Å"How will he protect you when he has never faced reality? He has spent his life among books and paintings; let him stay there.† Katherine was shaking her head in distress, her jewel-blue eyes misted with tears. â€Å"Neither of you understand,† she said. â€Å"You are thinking that I can marry and settle here like any other lady of Florence. But I cannot be like other ladies. How could I keep a household of servants who will watch my every move? How could I live in one place where the people will see that the years do not touch me? There will never be a normal life for me.† She drew a deep breath and looked at them each in turn. â€Å"Who chooses to be my husband must give up the life of sunlight,† she whispered. â€Å"He must choose to live under the moon and in the hours of darkness.† â€Å"Then you must choose someone who is not afraid of shadows,† Damon said, and Stefan was surprised by the intensity of his voice. He had never heard Damon speak so earnestly or with so little affectation. â€Å"Katherine, look at my brother: will he be able to renounce the sunlight? He is too attached to ordinary things: his friends, his family, his duty to Florence. The darkness would destroy him.† â€Å"Liar!† cried Stefan. He was seething now. â€Å"I am as strong as you are,brother , and I fear nothing in the shadows or the sunlight either. And I love Katherine more than friends or family-† â€Å"-or your duty? Do you love her enough to give that up as well?† â€Å"Yes,† Stefan said defiantly. â€Å"Enough to give up everything.† Damon gave one of his sudden, disturbing smiles. Then he turned back to Katherine. â€Å"It would seem,† he said, â€Å"that the choice is yours alone. You have two suitors for your hand; will you take one of us or neither?† Katherine slowly bowed her golden head. Then she lifted wet blue eyes to both of them. â€Å"Give me until Sunday to think. And in the meantime, do not press me with questions.† Stefan nodded reluctantly. Damon said, â€Å"And on Sunday?† â€Å"Sunday evening at twilight I will make my choice.† Twilight†¦ the violet deep darkness of twilight†¦ The velvet hues faded around Stefan, and he came to himself. It was not dusk, but dawn, that stained the sky around him. Lost in his thoughts, he had driven up to the edge of the woods. To the northwest he could see Wickery Bridge and the graveyard. New memory set his pulse pounding. He had told Damon he was willing to give up everything for Katherine. And that was just what he had done. He had renounced all claim to the sunlight, and had become a creature of darkness for her. A hunter doomed to be forever hunted himself, a thief who had to steal life to fill his own veins. And perhaps a murderer. No, they had said the girl Vickie would not die. But his next victim might. The worst thing about this last attack was that he remembered nothing of it. He remembered the weakness, the overpowering need, and he remembered staggering through the church door, but nothing after. He'd come to his senses outside with Elena's scream echoing in his ears-and he had raced to her without stopping to think about what might have happened. Elena†¦ For a moment he felt a rush of pure joy and awe, forgetting everything else. Elena, warm as sunlight, soft as morning, but with a core of steel that could not be broken. She was like fire burning in ice, like the keen edge of a silver dagger. But did he have the right to love her? His very feeling for her put her in danger. What if the next time the need took him Elena was the nearest living human, the nearest vessel filled with warm, renewing blood? I will die before touching her, he thought, making a vow of it. Before I broach her veins, I will die of thirst. And I swear she will never know ray secret. She will never have to give up the sunlight because of me. Behind him, the sky was lightening. But before he left, he sent out one probing thought, with all the force of his pain behind it, seeking for some other Power that might be near. Searching for some other solution to what had happened in the church. But there was nothing, no hint of an answer. The graveyard mocked him with silence. Elena woke with the sun shining in her window. She felt, at once, as if she'd just recovered from a long bout of the flu, and as if it were Christmas morning. Her thoughts jumbled together as she sat up. Oh. She hurt all over. But she and Stefan-that made everything right. That drunken slob Tyler†¦ But Tyler didn't matter anymore. Nothing mattered except that Stefan loved her. She went downstairs in her nightgown, realizing from the light slanting in the windows that she must have slept in very late. Aunt Judith and Margaret were in the living room. â€Å"Good morning, Aunt Judith.† She gave her surprised aunt a long, hard hug. â€Å"And good morning, pumpkin.† She swept Margaret off her feet and waltzed around the room with her. â€Å"And-oh! Good morning, Robert.† A little embarrassed at her exuberance and her state of undress, she put Margaret down and hurried into the kitchen. Aunt Judith came in. Though there were dark circles under her eyes, she was smiling. â€Å"You seem in good spirits this morning.† â€Å"Oh, I am.† Elena gave her another hug, to apologize for the dark circles. â€Å"You know we have to go back to the sheriff's to talk to them about Tyler.† â€Å"Yes.† Elena got juice out of the refrigerator and poured herself a glass. â€Å"But can I go over to Vickie Bennett's house first? I know she must be upset, especially since it sounds like not everybody believes her.† â€Å"Do you believe her, Elena?† â€Å"Yes,† she said slowly, â€Å"I do believe her. And, Aunt Judith,† she added, coming to a decision, â€Å"something happened to me in the church, too. I thought-† â€Å"Elena! Bonnie and Meredith are here to see you.† Robert's voice sounded from the hallway. The mood of confidence was broken. â€Å"Oh†¦ send them in,† Elena called, and took a sip of orange juice. â€Å"I'll tell you about it later,† she promised Aunt Judith, as footsteps approached the kitchen. Bonnie and Meredith stopped in the doorway, standing with unaccustomed formality. Elena herself felt awkward, and waited until her aunt left the room again to speak. Then she cleared her throat, her eyes fixed on a worn tile in the linoleum. She sneaked a quick glance up and saw that both Bonnie and Meredith were staring at that same tile. She burst into laughter, and at the sound they both looked up. â€Å"I'm too happy to even be defensive,† Elena said, holding out her arms to them. â€Å"And I know I ought to be sorry about what I said, and Iam sorry, but I just can't be all pathetic about it. I was terrible and I deserve to be executed, and now can we just pretend it never happened?† â€Å"Youought to be sorry, running off on us like that,† Bonnie scolded as the three of them joined in a tangled embrace. â€Å"And with Tyler Smallwood, of all people,† said Meredith. â€Å"Well, I learned my lesson on that score,† Elena said, and for a moment her mood darkened. Then Bonnie trilled laughter. â€Å"And you scored the big one yourself-Stefan Salvatore! Talk about dramatic entrances. When you came in the door with him, I thought I was hallucinating. How did youdo it?† â€Å"I didn't. He just showed up, like the cavalry in one of those old movies.† â€Å"Defending your honor,† said Bonnie. â€Å"What could be more thrilling?† â€Å"I can think of one or two things,† said Meredith. â€Å"But then, maybe Elena's got those covered, too.† â€Å"I'll tell you all about it,† Elena said, releasing them and stepping back. â€Å"But first will you come over to Vickie's house with me? I want to talk to her.† â€Å"You can talk tous while you're dressing, and while we're walking, and while you're brushing your teeth for that matter,† said Bonnie firmly. â€Å"And if you leave out one tiny detail, you're going to be facing the Spanish Inquisition.† â€Å"You see,† said Meredith archly, â€Å"all Mr. Tanner's work has paid off. Bonnie now knows the Spanish Inquisition is not a rock group.† Elena was laughing with sheer ebullience as they went up the stairs. Mrs. Bennett looked pale and tired, but invited them in. â€Å"Vickie's been resting; the doctor said to keep her in bed,† she explained, with a smile that trembled slightly. Elena, Bonnie, and Meredith crowded into the narrow hallway. Mrs. Bennett tapped lightly at Vickie's door. â€Å"Vickie, sweetheart, some girls from school to see you. Don't keep her long,† she added to Elena, opening the door. â€Å"We won't,† Elena promised. She stepped into a pretty blue-and-white bedroom, the others right behind her. Vickie was lying in bed propped up on pillows, with a powder-blue comforter drawn up to her chin. Her face was paper-white against it, and her heavy-lidded eyes stared straight ahead. â€Å"That's how she looked last night,† Bonnie whispered. Elena moved to the side of the bed. â€Å"Vickie,† she said softly. Vickie went on staring, but Elena thought her breathing changed slightly. â€Å"Vickie, can you hear me? It's Elena Gilbert.† She glanced uncertainly at Bonnie and Meredith. â€Å"Looks like they gave her tranquilizers,† said Meredith. But Mrs. Bennett hadn't said they'd given her any drugs. Frowning, Elena turned back to the unresponsive girl. â€Å"Vickie, it's me, Elena. I just wanted to talk to you about last night. I want you to know that I believe you about what happened.† Elena ignored the sharp glance Meredith gave her and continued. â€Å"And I wanted to ask you-† â€Å"No!† It was a shriek, raw and piercing, torn from Vickie's throat. The body that had been as still as a wax figure exploded into violent action. Vickie's light-brown hair whipped across her cheeks as she tossed her head back and forth and her hands flailed at the empty air. â€Å"No! No!† she screamed. â€Å"Do something!† Bonnie gasped. â€Å"Mrs. Bennett! Mrs. Bennett!† Elena and Meredith were trying to hold Vickie on the bed, and she was fighting them. The shrieking went on and on. Then suddenly Vickie's mother was beside them, helping to hold her, pushing the others away. â€Å"What did you do to her?† she cried. Vickie clutched at her mother, calming down, but then the heavy-lidded eyes glimpsed Elena over Mrs. Bennett's shoulder. â€Å"You're part of it! You're evil!† she screamed hysterically at Elena. â€Å"Keep away from me!† Elena was dumbfounded. â€Å"Vickie! I only came to ask-† â€Å"I think you'd better leave now. Leave us alone,† said Mrs. Bennett, clasping her daughter protectively. â€Å"Can't you see what you're doing to her?† In stunned silence, Elena left the room. Bonnie and Meredith followed. â€Å"It must be drugs,† said Bonnie once they were out of the house. â€Å"She just went completely nonlinear.† â€Å"Did you notice her hands?† Meredith said to Elena. â€Å"When we were trying to restrain her, I got hold of one of her hands. And it was cold as ice.† Elena shook her head in bewilderment. None of it made sense, but she wouldn't let it spoil her day. She wouldn't. Desperately, she searched her mind for something that would offset the experience, that would allow her to hold on to her happiness. â€Å"I know,† she said. â€Å"The boarding house.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"I told Stefan to call me today, but why don't we walk over to the boarding house instead? It's not far from here.† â€Å"Only a twenty-minute walk,† said Bonnie. She brightened. â€Å"At least we can finally see that room of his.† â€Å"Actually,† said Elena, â€Å"I was thinking you two could wait downstairs. Well, I'll only get to see him for a few minutes,† she added, defensively, as they looked at her. It was odd, perhaps, but she didn't want to share Stefan with her friends just yet. He was so new to her that he felt almost like a secret. Their knock on the shining oak door was answered by Mrs. Flowers. She was a wrinkled little gnome of a woman with surprisingly bright black eyes. â€Å"You must be Elena,† she said. â€Å"I saw you and Stefan go out last night, and he told me your name when he came back.† â€Å"You saw us?† said Elena, startled. â€Å"I didn't see you.† â€Å"No, no you didn't,† said Mrs. Flowers, and chuckled. â€Å"What a pretty girl you are, my dear,† she added. â€Å"A very pretty girl.† She patted Elena's cheek. â€Å"Uh, thank you,† said Elena uneasily. She didn't like the way those birdlike eyes were fixed on her. She looked past Mrs. Flowers to the stairs. â€Å"Is Stefan home?† â€Å"He must be, unless he's flown off the roof!† said Mrs. Flowers, and chuckled again. Elena laughed politely. â€Å"We'll stay down here with Mrs. Flowers,† said Meredith to Elena, while Bonnie rolled her eyes in martyrdom. Hiding a grin, Elena nodded and mounted the stairs. Such a strange old house, she thought again as she located the second stairway in the bedroom. The voices below were very faint from here, and as she went up the steps they faded entirely. She was wrapped in silence, and as she reached the dimly lit door at the top, she had the feeling she had entered some other world. Her knocking sounded very timid. â€Å"Stefan?† She could hear nothing from inside, but suddenly the door swung open.Everyone must look pale and tired today , thought Elena, and then she was in his arms. Those arms tightened about her convulsively. â€Å"Elena. Oh, Elena†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Then he drew back. It was just the way it had been last night; Elena could feel the chasm opening between them. She saw the cold, correct look gather in his eyes. â€Å"No,† she said, hardly aware that she spoke aloud. â€Å"I won't let you.† And she pulled his mouth down to hers. For a moment there was no response, and then he shuddered, and the kiss became searing. His fingers tangled in her hair, and the universe shrank around Elena. Nothing else existed but Stefan, and the feel of his arms around her, and the fire of his lips on hers. A few minutes or a few centuries later they separated, both shaking. But their gaze remained connected, and Elena saw that Stefan's eyes were too dilated for even this dim light; there was only a thin band of green around the dark pupils. He looked dazed, and his mouth-that mouth!-was swollen. â€Å"I think,† he said, and she could hear the control in his voice, â€Å"that we had better be careful when we do that.† Elena nodded, dazed herself. Not in public, she was thinking. And not when Bonnie and Meredith were waiting downstairs. And not when they were absolutely alone, unless†¦ â€Å"But you can just hold me,† she said. How odd, that after that passion she could feel so safe, so peaceful, in his arms. â€Å"I love you,† she whispered into the rough wool of his sweater. She felt a quiver go through him. â€Å"Elena,† he said again, and it was a sound almost of despair. She raised her head. â€Å"What's wrong with that? What could possibly be wrong with that, Stefan? Don't you love me?† â€Å"I†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He looked at her, helplessly-and they heard Mrs. Flowers's voice calling faintly from the bottom of the stairs. â€Å"Boy! Boy! Stefan!† It sounded as if she were pounding on the banister with her shoe. Stefan sighed. â€Å"I'd better go see what she wants.† He slipped away from her, his face unreadable. Left alone, Elena folded her arms across her chest and shivered. It was so cold here. He ought to have a fire, she thought, eyes moving idly around the room to rest finally on the mahogany dresser she'd examined last night. The coffer. She glanced at the closed door. If he came back in and caught her†¦ She really shouldn't-but she was already moving toward the dresser. Think of Bluebeard's wife, she told herself. Curiosity killedher . But her fingers were on the iron lid. Her heart beating rapidly, she eased the lid open. In the dim light, the coffer appeared at first to be empty, and Elena gave a nervous laugh. What had she expected? Love letters from Caroline? A bloody dagger? Then she saw the thin strip of silk, folded over and over on itself neatly in one corner. She drew it out and ran it between her fingers. It was the apricot ribbon she'd lost the second day of school. Oh, Stefan. Tears stung her eyes, and in her chest love welled up helplessly, overflowing. That long ago? You cared about me that long ago? Oh, Stefan, I love you†¦ And it doesn't matter if you can't say it to me, she thought. There was a sound outside the door, and she folded the ribbon quickly and replaced it in the coffer. Then she turned toward the door, blinking tears from her eyes. It doesn't matter if you can't say it right now. I'll say it for both of us. And someday you'll learn.

Fall in and Who’s for the game? Essay

These two examples of poems are typical of the war propaganda of the period, they are propaganda posters to make normal people get up, tell their friends and to join the army, navy or RAF. They try to embarrass people who like to be masculine and question their masculinity; this makes them prove to people that they are a man so they go to fight in the war. The poem teases unmasculine men and tries to make them feel bad for not going to fight. Harold Begbie exclaims that all the MEN who fight in the war will be praised in the street, women will love them (which is not true if they are severely handicapped), everyone will ignore you if you don’t go and everyone who does will be heroes. Men hate getting ignored by women therefore they will want to join up Jessie Pope’s idea of a game makes the reader feel as if war is a football ball match or a great sporting event. Going with the LADS makes it feel like there is comradery and a good time to be had with cool people, there’s no mention of any death, killing people, blood or any other gruesome details, it only says you may get a broken leg which will appeal to men who want to look macho and as if they’ve been fighting, it will make them look tough and brave. SONNY is used to patronise the reader, to make him feel unworthy of being a big strong man but more like a little boy who’s just a bit of a joke. SONNY is used to make a man try to prove himself and go join up. The author creates a feeling of everyone else will be talking of the war and become popular but you will be ashamed because you did not go and you will try and avoid everyone so they wont know. Normal people rushed out to beat the foe which means they left with no hesitation or worries and knew they’d be back anyway really quickly. The author says when you are old you will tell your children and grandchildren of exiting war stories and adventures. But if you’re too much of coward not to join even your children and grandchildren will be ashamed and embarrassed. The painting on the front shows a woman guiding a young man to where he should be going, the old lady wants the young man to fight as she’s to old but its his duty, it feels like the lady is pressuring the man to join up, he doesn’t want to see the look of disappointment on her face if he says no. The effects of these poems is that people get mislead into believing the war will be over really quickly, you’ll get good pay, really nice uniforms, travel all over the world, meet nice people. If you don’t go then your great country will be taken over by horrible people and everything will be ruined. Harold Begbie’s language is extremely persuasive in his poem called â€Å"Fall In†, in it keeps repeating direct and rhetorical question like Where?, What?, How? Why? When? and, Will you†¦? The author also uses religion to scare people into thinking that they will be upsetting God by not fighting in the war. He tries to make you seem uncaring when he writes â€Å"And right is smashed by wrong?† He imagines you only caring about football, cinema, the pub and the betting shop as if you only think about yourself. Jessie Pope’s language is also just as persuasive. The poem she writes is called â€Å"Who’s for the game?† in her poem she also repeats direct and rhetorical questions. She uses Who? as in who’ll do this? and who’ll do that? The who’s refer to you. The use of who in most of her poem is very repetitive and therefore the Who†¦? will stay in your mind. Also her slang phrasing appeals to ordinary people who feel as if she’s down to earth and makes the writing feel friendly, this encourages them to read on and not feel threatened with a formal very important looking poster.

Philosophical Approach For Balancing Issues Term Paper

Philosophical Approach For Balancing Issues - Term Paper Example This essay seeks to answer the question: are there are ways of harmonizing the individual rights whereas defending the public at the same time. As a point of departure, majority argues on when individual rights have been violated, and on similarly complains are raised when protection of the public is contravened. The situation surrounding individual rights and its interconnectedness with the public fabric is a give and take. This implies that, people need to understand that, they will have to sacrifice some degree of privacy for the good of all the members of the society. Majority of people talk of rights without considering the wider perspective of the meaning of rights (Bjarnason & Carter, 2009). This kind of understanding has changed the society to a catered one, where people tend to think and believe that everything should be given to them and this contrasts, the fundamental aspect of seeking to balance the individual rights with the public interests. Numerous philosophers have a rgued the need for people to appreciate the fact that, the society is made of people who get affected by erroneous decisions made, without the consideration of balancing the individual desires, rights and the public interests. This study establishes that the declaration of independence was founded on three fundamental rights: right to life, rights to pursuit of happiness and right to liberty. It is explicitly understood that, the right to life defends the individual’s ability to handle all actions obligatory for the preservation and gratification of life (Bjarnason & Carter, 2009). On the other hand, the right to pursuit to happiness safeguards an individual’s capacity to live for own sake quite than for the societal sake. Equally, the right to liberty defends an individual’s capacity to reflect and act on his own decision. The question that emerges is â€Å"what if individual’s pursuit of these rights violates other people’s rights?† It is the government’s philosophy to safeguard the well-being of its entire populace. For the attainment of balance, a perfect situation may not be a favorable milieu (Snyder, Lopez & Pedrotti, 2011). The truth of the matter is that, individuals will be forced to give up on some rights to provide for a give and take milieu, which is favorable in balancing the societal and individual desires. It should be noted that, a balance should be compromised in order to create and sustain a peaceful coexistence in the society. A comparison of today’s world complexity and that of the declaration of independence makes it somehow difficult to create a fair environment, where societal needs do not conflict those of individuals. For instance, the issues of terrorism have advanced to become a global concern (Snyder, Lopez & Pedrotti, 2011). Terrorism has become a global threat to security. This starts at the individual point, spreads to a group of individuals, and finally to the society. Suc h complex issues affecting the security of all members soothe local and global society compels individuals to forego some critical privileges attributed to individuals’ rights to the governing authority to seek for equilibrium between the individual happiness and insecure society or a secure society and miserable individual lives. In some circumstances, governing authorities may be obligated to monitor phone calls and text messages such that, they can be able to trace terrorists. Despite infringing individual privacy rights, there should be no problem, because the overall intent of such kind of measures is to ensure a safe society for all. It should be understood that, such steps are undertaken as last resort in curbing such crimes. This is an example of equilibrium that should

BUSINESS LAW College Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BUSINESS LAW College - Case Study Example If this indeed is the actual reason for Pat's removal, the company could have instead asked Pat to be more circumspective on his observations since they could hurt the company's interests and leave the matter thereat. The company's action is ill-advised and it is putting itself in a difficult position. If Pat decides to file a suit against the firm, there will be consequences which may not be in the company's favor. The company is big and fair enough and this must have been the reason for Pat to quit his earlier job and travel 300 miles for the new job. His spouse has also sacrificed her job in order to accommodate Pat's new arrangement. Pat's three months at Newcorp is a learning period and the lack of information on any clear reason for his discharge is a pointer to the fact that some reason other than deficiency at the workplace is responsible for the company's decision. Be that as it may, the company has enough powers to terminate Pat's services. However, the reason that they are quoting for their action is nave and the severance pay they are handing him is grossly inadequate. It would have been better had Newcorp waited for more time till they are capable of analyzing Pat's performance in proper light. By resorting to a knee-jerk action they are only making their position untenable in legal standards. In case Pat does not sign a release of claims and files a suit for higher compensation, the company will have a difficult time in disproving the suit (Severance Pay). Legal Encounter 2 What liability, if any, does Newcorp have in this situation What can and cannot Newcorp do In your answer, identify what legal principles (statutory or case law) support your belief. The liability that Newcorp has in this situation is that it can find itself involved in a case of sexual harassment. Newcorp can heed Sam's argument that the chemicals used in wire coatings could harm an early-state fetus being carried by a newly-pregnant woman. However, there is no information that Paula is pregnant or is likely to be in the near future although she is dating someone. Paula may choose not to be pregnant for a couple of years. Newcorp can still heed Sam's argument and decline Paula's application for transfer to the wire-coating section. They are acting in good faith although they do not know the underlying reason for the transfer. In case they knew the true reason, they would be bound to act differently. If Paula decides to file a suit of sexual harassment, the company will find it difficult to disprove the suit. Even if they do not respond positively to her application for transfer, they will have the embarrassing case of sexual harassment facing them. In such eventuality, they not only will be forced to part with substantial amount of money as compensation but also take disciplinary measures against Sam. This is as good as an open-and-shut case. Paula is trying to get away from a difficult situation by

Historical Developement of Separation of Powers Essay

Historical Developement of Separation of Powers - Essay Example In 17th century England, it emerged for the first time as a coherent theory of government, explicitly set out, and urged as the 'grand secret of liberty and good government'" (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2). In the upheaval of the Civil War, the doctrine emerged as a response to the need for a new constitutional theory when a system of government based upon "a mixture of King, Lords, and Commons" seemed no longer relevant. "Growing out of the more ancient theory, the doctrine became both a rival to it and a means of broadening and developing it into the 18th century theory of the balanced constitution" (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2). The revolutionary potentialities of the doctrine were fully realized in America and France, but when its viability as a theory of government was tested "its weaknesses were revealed; this one revolutionary idea could also become a bulwark of conservatism." (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2) The attack on the doctrine came in two waves: First, the middle class "which had most fervently supported it", now saw within its reach control of political power through extension of the franchise, and the need for a theory that was essentially a challenge to the power of aristocracy diminished; however, until the Second Reform Act in England, the doctrine was sought only to be re-examined (Vile; M.J.C.; 1967; chapter 2). ... Changing ideas about the role of government and its structure were "accompanied by a changing emphasis in ideas about the nature of sovereignty". (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2). In earlier centuries, the need for a single omnipotent source of power had been stressed by "theorists of absolutism", and rejected by liberal constitutionalists, who swore by division of power and the limitations on power imposed by the constitution or by a higher law. "Rousseau's association of unlimited sovereignty with the people led to reorientation of ideas" (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2) .If franchise could be restricted to those with a stake in the community, the idea of an unlimited, indivisible sovereign power became for the liberal individualist not a threat but a safeguard; "it became in the hands of Bentham and Austin an instrument for reform of government which would increase the freedom of the individual". However, "the desire for a unified system of government, whether to achieve reform or f or positive State action, led to a rediscovery of the role of discretion and prerogative in government." (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2) Realization that the functional concepts of the doctrine of separation of powers were inadequate to explain the operations of government was heightened by emerging awareness of the nature of bureaucracy; "the impact of Prussian bureaucracy in the 19th century, establishment of a non-political civil service in England, dissatisfaction with the spoils system in the United States, development of the Weberian theory bureaucracy, (all) led to a reassessment of the 'executive' function". (Vile, M.J.C.; 1967; Chapter 2). Thus the demand for establishment of "harmony" between the legislature and the executive

Cmrj 502 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cmrj 502 - Essay Example They work in partnership with the police forming part of the prosecution that ensures correct charges through elimination of non-viable cases (Cook, et al., 2005). With the help of use of â€Å"threshold test†, the decision on whether a bail or custody is to be executed is determined before charge. The decision on how to carry out the prosecution process is divided into two stages where â€Å"two stage tests† are undertaken. The two tests are carried out in turns by the crown prosecutors. The first stage which is the evidential stage involves the submission of sufficient evidence that must provide a realistic prospect of some conviction. If the case does not go through this stage, the case does not proceed. The public interest is the second stage where the interest of the public is considered. This is because according to lord Shawcross (1951), prosecution has never been automatic since public interest must be satisfied if conviction is to result in a sentence. As part of their role, CPS advises the police on cases for possible prosecution while being guided by the code for prosecutors on how to give timely responses while sticking to their charging standards which aims at restoring the CPS/police arrangements and joined up working (Vines,

History Of Quality Management As It Relates To The US Air Force Research Paper

History Of Quality Management As It Relates To The US Air Force - Research Paper Example TQM is an approach that can enhance the competitiveness, effectiveness and flexibility of a whole organization that requires planning, organizing and understanding each activity (O’Neill & Sohal, 1999). TQM has been applied to all industries with the focus on quality improvement or achieving overall customer satisfaction. TQM in the US Air Force has its own significance and has been in practice for several decades. As the Federal government realized the need for a smaller military force due to decreasing military threat from the former Soviet Union, the financial support to the military was reduced (Sanchez, 1997). This necessitated the reduction in the size of personnel from each service as well as eliminating many weapon systems. With the reduced number of airmen, seamen and soldiers the need for efficiency became paramount (Moser & Bailey, 1997). TQM training was instituted in all branches of the armed forces and extended to the US defense industries as well. This paper res earches how the application and utility of TQM has evolved and whether it has been able to enhance efficiency in the US Air Force.TQM has further been defined as a process of continuous improvement (Gonsalves, 2002) where continued effort is exerted by everyone in the organization to understand, meet and exceed customer expectations through quality enhancement (Hoang, 2009) where quality includes characteristics such as performance, features, durability, aesthetics and service quality (Lian, 2001). Ho, Duffy and Shih (1999) emphasize that continuous improvement, customer focus, and teamwork form the core of TQM philosophy. TQM is a holistic concept wherein all members of the organization participate in planning and implementing continuous quality improvement (Sanchez, 1997). Deming stated that to achieve success through TQM the managers must whole-heartedly believe in the philosophy and create an environment for the process to function (D’Ron, 1998). Deming also offered sugge stions for the managers to change their traditional mindset which included leadership, training, breaking down the barriers, not focusing on price alone, eliminating quotas and most importantly they should adopt the TQM principles. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) was established by Congress in 1987 to stimulate competition in the US businesses. This is a prestigious award for excellence and quality achievement in the United States. This award was meant to recognize organizations that have outstanding processes and practices, and that focus on continuous improvement and where the practice is measureable. The MBNQA is basically a business review, a formal process to review how the business operates. Its implementation requires visionary leadership, social responsibility, focus on future, focus on results, managing for innovation and valuing employees and other stakeholders (Baldridge Award, 2005). The award is given to organizations that demonstrate exemplary achie vements across seven dimensions - leadership, strategic planning, customer and market focus, measurement, analysis and knowledge management, human resources focus, process management, and business results.